It has several variations across the country and abroad as well; in the Balkans, for instance, they use grape leaves instead of a cabbage coat. YjA1YjExMjI4MjBmZDU0MDRhYjI4OGJlNTMwNTQ3MDA0ZTJkMzAwYmU5NjBj (-) Information is not currently available for this nutrient. All rights reserved. WebThat Gypsy believes that the 'Magic of Style' is defined not by the fashion you wear but by the one wearing it. With a menu as large as and fares as delicious as of Evidens Bistros, the need to return to this eatery will soon be evident to you: just ask for their classic stuffed cabbage garnished with sour cream and a crown of bacon, and let the taste do the talking. Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Some people use imported or homemade whole heads of brined cabbage (sauerkraut) known as kiseli kupus when making their sarma. The soup has so much flavor, the meat is more tender than on its own with cabbage and potatoes on the side. My favorite is my mums recipe, as you have guessed! Polish recipes for stuffed cabbage leaves and Peel the onions and slice them halfway through the middle, length-wise. Add part of chopped sour cabbage leaves and saut for another 2 minutes. Start adding the rolls, creating a first level. It is seasoned with marjoram, thyme, salt and pepper, and is served in a pastry shell. As an Amazon Associate, I earn a small percentage from qualifying Amazon purchases. Here we share the traditional recipe with you. YTM4MDRlYWIyOGQ4ZjgxMDFlOTVmMGM4YjczMzA1NGMxNTQ2M2UzMmI0MTMy The Italian and French influences on Polish food are well known. Copyright 2023 Adore Foods | All rights reserved. I lived in Suceava for a few years and I'm missing the food. Best part about these cabbage rolls, apart from their addictive taste is that you can have them in the fridge for at least 10 days and they will get better and better. She used to sour her cabbage under the sink. Ukrainian Stuffed Cabbage, also known as Halupki or Golumpki (Polish name), is much milder than Assyrian-style cabbage rolls. Pro Tip: You can also use the leaves in the core of the cabbage which are too small to stuff and the overly cooked and flimsy ones to line the bottom of the pot. Let thaw completely before separating the leaves. This slaw is colorful, vibrant, and has a lot of zip from Creole mustard and Creole seasoning. Holubtsi is a Ukrainian Stuffed Cabbage dish comprised of tender cabbage rolls, stuffed with a mixture of seasoned ground beef or pork, rice, and onions. Find Funny GIFs, Cute GIFs, Reaction GIFs and more. Take a small handful and form into a small roll or ball. Situated near St. Stephens Basilica, Evidens Bistro is a popular dinner destination amongst people with an extraordinary appetite, as their dishes are quite elephantine in their size. For a insider tip, instead of boiling cabbage and having your house smell like it, freeze the cabbage for 7 days, let it thaw for a couple in the sink (so you dont freeze your hands while making them). I guess caught in the frenzy Christmas shopping. Hi Anne, The tomato sauce adds to the flavor of the dish. Summer is right around the corner, which means a variety of different exciting events are coming! Take a look at our top picks: you will find delicious alternatives for any occassion. Let me know if you need any information where you can source it from, as I know places in Canada, US (Pennsylvania area) and even Australia. Cabbage Stuffed Cabbage Is there a substitute I can use for meat, as my daughter-in-law doesn't eat meat but would live to cook this for her if there is, thanks. To end your repast on a sweet note, order one of Dunacorsos locally made dessert specialties like the coffee and walnut-flavoured Juliska chocolate cake. 6 Preheat the oven to 180C/350F/gas mark 4. Mashed potatoes and cabbage, its a great comfort food side dish! Yet its true what they say about hardship making you stronger. Raisins and currants are added to Pirogo, or noodle pudding. This recipe uses steamed cabbage leaves to wrap the filling and cooks atop a bed of shredded cabbage and sauerkraut. Beware, one course is large enough to make you feel stuffed for the whole day, the devouring of a three-course meal is nigh impossible! WebExplore and share the best Gypsy GIFs and most popular animated GIFs here on GIPHY. And it's easy to make: You just quickly boilfresh cabbage leaves,stuff them with a hearty meat and rice mixture and top themwith a sweet and sour tomato sauce before baking. They also make nice leftovers and can be reheated in the oven or microwave. Bake uncovered at 350 degrees F (175 degrees C) for 1 hour; baste often with the sauce. The lightly spiced gypsy-style sauce in this weeks grain salad is a nod to the Roma gypsies who travelled through Poland over the ages. Turn cabbage over and cook another six Boil arborio rice till it's almost ready. Updated on December 9, 2022. This weeks two recipes pay tribute to this melting pot, both with our residents own spin. Mix together well. Ready in about 20 minutes, its a light and refreshing meal. In the 16th century, the Italian Queen Bona Sforza further increased Italian influence in the Polish court and the kitchen. Kid you not! For this satisfying dish, cabbage leaves are stuffed with a seasoned mixture of rice, ground beef, pork and ham. This casserole is a cozy, comforting classic. MzVkOWMyMzdhYTBmNDVlNThlZmQwNzllNWFjMjQzYmE1MjQ0MDlmNzFmN2Y3 Michelin-star winner chef Tams Szll and his culinary partner in crime, Szabina Szull have a long and flavourful past behind them. Ever since the current situation in Ukraine, I've been contemplating what I can do as a blogger to show my support for the Ukrainian people. The Best Cabbage Recipes: 1. A side of fresh bread or potato salad makes it a feast, or try starting with soup like pasulj. Place the rolls in a large baking dish, top with the sauce, cover and cook, then serve with a side of mashed potatoes. Don't forget to tag me when you try one of my recipes! I like to serve them really warm with a dollop of sour cream on the side, toasted bread and a jalapeo on side! Depending on the size of the pot, you may end up with two or three layers of cabbage rolls. The leaves' color will change to a brighter green. Pin or bookmark this collection of great recipes so you always know where to find it. That was 17 years ago. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. The only question now is, which one of these easy cabbage recipes do you feel like tonight? The night before making the rolls, take it out to thaw. For this satisfying dish, cabbage leaves are stuffed with a seasoned mixture of rice, ground beef, pork and ham. The mixture is then seasoned with black pepper and salt, and cooked in tomato sauce. MWQ4NTU3NzgwYTVjODJjM2Q5ZmE2OTdkNjI4ZDdjNjE4ZjEzNDcyNzhiOTYy Cut the core out of the cabbage and discard. Set aside to cool. Then, make the filling. Everyone loves a good .css-1c1h30u{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:0.0625rem;text-decoration-color:inherit;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:#12837c;-webkit-transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;transition:all 0.3s ease-in-out;}.css-1c1h30u:hover{color:#595959;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;}casserole, and this stuffed cabbage recipe is a classic favorite. Please leave A Star Rating! Gypsy Costume Assemble the rolls but stop before placing them atop the cabbage and sauerkraut and don't add the tomato sauce. Romanian cabbage rolls are really easy to make but time consuming, especially the rolling part. Next, blanch (or briefly boil) the cabbage. We love this hearty cabbage soup: 1. Recipes vary from cook to cook, but they all consist of a meat filling wrapped in cabbage and cooked over sauerkraut. Under its new leadership, the popular venue offers a spectacular gastronomic experience for those looking for traditional Hungarian cooking, preserving every flavour of its long and colourful history. OGE4ZGE1MDMwZWI3Yjk0MjUzNjhmY2Q2ZDE0YjI1M2RkODc4NTY4NmMzZTI4 Stuffed Cabbage The cabbage rolls are baked in a tomato-based sauce and served with sour cream. Their taste is unmistakable nutty and rich. Good luck with your search! Hi Hilda, my mother-in-law was Polish and prepared similar to this with tomato soup but cooked on top of the stove. russet potatoes, black pepper, smoked paprika, green cabbage and 7 more Gypsy Peppers Stuffed With Frommage Blanc The Spruce Eats kosher salt, fromage blanc, kosher salt, olive oil, freshly ground pepper and 5 more Hot Paprika and Tomatoes (Gypsy Sauce) for Schnitzel The Spruce Eats Sarma, or Serbian stuffed cabbage, is a meal in and of itself and needs little accompaniment. Chef Jnos Gyimesi and his team awaits guests with filling breakfast offers from 9 to 11 AM, while during lunch hours you can choose from a variety of traditional Hungarian dishes (such as beef stew, goulash soup, pork knuckle, homemade strudels, potato casserole, and stuffed cabbage) while the venue is being filled with the bombastic sound of authentic live gypsy music. This layer of leaves will keep the stuffed cabbage from sticking to the pot or burning. Romanian Cabbage Rolls (Sarmale I amalways making a big pot, reserving a whole afternoon for this job. Layer on the cabbage rolls, seam-side down. They are then laid on a bed of sauerkraut and simmered to completion. NGFiZWQwOGUxN2Q2MWUxMDBhMDg0ZjU3ZGU4OWZhM2M5MjQ2Njg3MDE3MTU1 Often the hedgehog meat is cooked with agrimony and sorrel, herbs frequently used in Romani dishes. This light and refreshing citrus salad is a great side dish for all of your favorite grilled meats. Preparation. This recipe for Serbian stuffed cabbage, or sarma, is a hearty dish that many Serbs serve every day but especially for special occasions like slavasand other holidays. Start by making the tomato sauce. How can it be so slurp worthy? Pro Tip: To stuff onions use medium-sized oval-shaped onions. As you pull the leaves off, allow them to cook in the hot water for a little longer if necessary, until they're pliable. What Are Famous Gypsy Foods Use tongs to remove the larger softened leaves. Stay in touch with me through social media@ Instagram,Pinterest, TikTok, and Facebook. Stir fry dishes are always a great way to get in tons of veggies. Romanian Cabbage Rolls (Sarmale After 2-3 minutes, stir in meats and cook for 4-5 minutes till they become brown. This helps loosen and tenderize the outer leaves so they are easy to remove from the cabbage. For me, it's comfort food. For a healthier option, you can serve Holubtsi with yogurt instead. 1 Cook the kasza, as you would rice: rinse it under running water, cover with about 1cm of cold water, bring to the boil, then simmer for about 20 minutes. Learn how your comment data is processed. N2QyNjg5ZjY3ZWRlNjRmZjNhMjZiNDA2ZmM0NzFhNjcwYjcwZTViNDFkYTkz Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). MDkwZDcwMzA2M2EyYzcyMTI2ZTEyYjM4YzlkN2JkZDg2OTQyMjg0NTZhMDcy Czechs and Slovaks call them holubkyand Poles refer to them as gobki. Throughout history, Polish cuisine just like its boundaries has been rather fluid, and Polish people by nature tend to enjoy trying new things. Serbian Stuffed Cabbage When the hardened clay shell is removed, the prickles come off as well. She did not use bay leaves or thyme. Stuffed Cabbage YjRlNmFhNTdjMzQ2YmRiY2Y2ZGVmMWZhOWJiOGQ4NTE4MjZlZjg5ZjVkNDk4 Set aside. Rather like the gypsies themselves, you cant pin this sauce down it varies from one dish to the next. It is then baked. . We had this last night and it was delicious. Situated just a few blocks from Jszai Mari tr, the main pulling power of this cozy corner restaurant is its familial and homely atmosphere (courtesy of the checkered tablecloths and the large dining booths), which gives their every meal a special flavour. Add half part sour cabbage juice and half part water to cover the rolls entirely. What Are Famous Gypsy Foods Ready in about 10 minutes, grilling gives your cabbage extra flavors. -----END REPORT-----. Repeat these steps until you finish all of your group meat mixture. Cover the casserole dish and bake 1 hour. You will love this creamy Creole Coleslaw recipe! Southern-cuisine expert and cookbook author Diana Rattray has created more than 5,000 recipes and articles in her 20 years as a food writer. Habichuelas Guisadas (Puerto Rican Stewed Beans). I mean I already have four Dolma recipes on my blog, what's one more, right? Gypsy Recipes Place cabbage in the freezer for a few days. Continue until all of the filling is used up. Pour tomato juice over rolls, then add enough water to cover. Once the cabbage leaves have cooled, slice off the large spine going down the middle of the leaves, and use the spines to layer the bottom of a large, heavy-bottomed pot. Traditional Romanian Cabbage Rolls (Sarmale Pour sauce over stuffed cabbage, cover the pot, and bake the stuffed cabbage for one hour or until the rice is tender. Sort our recpes by regions: Your email address will not be published. Chicken, veggies and stuffed in a tender dough, then baked thats Ukranian pirog. I have found that baking them makes the rice more tender, which might be my new way of preparing them! While I love and appreciate it, Im not afraid to play with peoples expectations. It also makes the leaves more flexible so you can easily fold and roll the leaf around the meat. Add noodles, reserved pasta water, remaining 3 tablespoons butter, pepper, a pinch of salt, and reserved bacon to the cabbage mixture. Fold the bottom of the cabbage leaf up over the meat. Add some budget friendly veggie power to your plate with these easy Cabbage Recipes. Stuffed Cabbage 1 Put the whole cabbage in a pan containing about 2 litres of cold water with the bay leaf and allspice. $14.99 $ 14. Bring a large (10-12 quart) pot of water to a boil. -----BEGIN REPORT----- Every on line recipe is with meat and tomato sauce. 99. Growing up I dont recall having cabbage rolls even though my parents were from Slovenia and Serbia, now Montenegro. Somehow it is, cooked low and slow for hours with few flavor enhancers. Make The Rolls Fill each leaf with about a cup of the meat mixture and roll tucking in the ends as you see in the video. Place seam side down in baking dish. ZmI2YzAzNzEwMDU0NjMzNDMzNTY5YjVmZTZiZmY1OTc2MTA2MGRlN2QwN2I2 Cover with a layer of the smaller cabbage leaves. Heap about 1/4 cup of filling onto each of the remaining cabbage leaves. Cut the core out of the cabbage and discard. Hi Donna, They are then laid on a bed of sauerkraut and simmered to completion. Fold the sides of the leaf over and roll the ball up into the leaf. Cut each large leaf in half, removing the tough core part too to make it easier to roll them. With a paring knife, remove the tough ribs without damaging the leaves. WebExplore and share the best Gypsy GIFs and most popular animated GIFs here on GIPHY. Combine well. I don't think adding sauerkraut to the pot will do the job. 3.9 out of 5 stars 13. Take a small handful and form into a small roll or ball. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Give your sauted cabbage an exotic twist with this curried cabbage recipe. You are going to love the simplicity of this cabbage and sausage skillet. This is the best stuffed cabbage recipe I've ever tried. Find more recipes like this in Cook this Saturday, only with the Guardian. After 2 hours, add tomato juice to the saucepan, place back the lid and boil for another 2 hours. Gypsy Costume ! Polish food has more variety and vibrance than people often think, its influences gleaned from far and wide. NzJiMTU4ZTRkMWM5NDBmMjVlOTg2YWRkMWJjMWU4M2MzODhlNmE4ODMyM2M2 Don. Vegetarian Whole Stuffed Cabbage Its almost like a shredded slaw, but with amazingly tasty dressing and the goodness of chicken. 6 Add the kasza to the sauce, mixing well, and reheat. Weve compiled this list of easy Cabbage Recipes so you always have plenty of ways to prepare that super budget friendly veggie. Fold the sides of the leaf over and roll the ball up into the leaf. Using tongs, place head of cabbage in simmering water and cook for six minutes. Set aside. The onion soup-seasoned filling was delicious, too. The only thing you can be sure of is that it consists of peppers and tomatoes. This is not your usual chicken salad. The leaves color will change to a brighter green. Preparation. Use tongs to remove the larger softened leaves. 3 Fry the onion and carrot in some oil and butter until soft: about 5 minutes. Step 1: Wash, core, and boil cabbage in a deep pot. Thanks for the recipe and your take on cabbage rolls. This means you don't have to spend extra time chopping the meat into tiny pieces. Hopefully I did not forget anything. Preheat The Oven Now is the time to preheat your oven, so get that going to 375F (191C), so that its nice and warm when we put our cabbage rolls in. There is nothing light about Romanian cuisine , At least traditional cuisine that I was exposed to during my childhood. Step 2 For the filling: Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Stuffed Cabbage This. Stuffed Cabbage Pozsonyi Kisvendgl has been standing its ground like a sturdy rock in the stormy sea of Budapests culinary scene since 1992, attracting visitors from all over the world to taste their rich and soulful dishes. Defrost in the fridge overnight before proceeding with the recipe and baking. Bring it to your next barbecue party or potluck. Ours were very simple and delicious. Fill the trimmed cabbage leaves with 1 tablespoon of filling mixtureand roll the leaves tightly over the filling. This version is a simple,no-cook sauce: Just stir together crushed tomatoes, tomato sauce,garlic and seasoning (such as brown sugar and red wine vinegar). Form meat mixture into oblong balls, using 1/2 cup of the mixture at a time. Stufffed cabbage rolls are made with seasoned meat and rice. NDIzNjBkNmRhYTBkNTkwN2FkZmFhYjc3ZWM4ZTMzODc5MzgzN2QxODVjNDIw Also she used paprika instead of tomato juice. Pirogo, or noodle pudding, is a typical Romani dessert that is quite similar to the Eastern European kugel, which is also a pudding baked with noodles, cream cheese and sometimes fruit. Most Romani cooking is done over an open fire in iron pots or kettles, so it is not surprising that many main dishes are in the form of stews or thick soups. Where in northern California can you get sour cabbage? It's the hot pepper that makes the dish typically Romani. Since Holubtsi is mild in flavor, this recipe is suitable for those who prefer mild-tasting food. Travel a word of flavors with GypsyPlate. Great with the sauce (we like it hot) and yogurt. How is everyone? Chef Zoltn Magyar and his team of talented kitchen professionals work with only the highest quality ingredients, crafting delicious dishes (sometimes preparing them right at the guests table!) Find Funny GIFs, Cute GIFs, Reaction GIFs and more. Allow to cool before peeling and slicing finely. Saut half of the quantity for a couple of minutes, saving the other half for later and set aside. To reheat leftovers, place the stuffed cabbage in a baking dish with a few tablespoons of broth, water, or tomato juice. Polish recipes for stuffed cabbage leaves and Combine the beef, egg, onion, rice, salt and pepper. Spread the chopped cabbage on the bottom of a large casserole dish or Dutch oven. Keep soaking the leaves in hot water, and roll and pack them tightly, and they will soften more as they cook. 1 (10.75 ounce) can condensed tomato soup. What can I use for more flavor in the filling? If you love cabbage rolls but find them a hassle, try them unstuffed. Thanks for the tips! WebThe Gypsy Way; For Successful Magick; The Romany Tradition; Ask Auntie Moss; The Language of the Gypsies; The Book of Wisdom of the Egyptians; New; Srmi. Khlis menu includes all the classic recipes of the past couple of centuries of Hungarian cuisine: the meat in their spicy stuffed cabbage is a mixture of pork knuckle and the ears and tail of the pig, which is seasoned with red pepper, marjoram, and Hungarian pepper. more about me . Turn cabbage over and cook another six Its extremely rewarding when a Polish person tells me that they love my version of a dish, because, whatever their views on tradition, and modernity everyone loves their grandmas recipes the best. * Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Its food has benefited from the different cultures and peoples it has come into contact with; it is a more varied and exotic cuisine than its often given credit for. Preheat oven to 350 degrees F (175 degrees C). Colcannon is one of the most famous Irish recipes. Where in PA can you find sour cabbage. A weboldalon trtn tovbbi bngszssel hozzjrul a cookie-k hasznlathoz! Since the war, I've been having requests from my readers for Ukrainian recipes. Love this recipe? OWIyYjgzNWM5M2U3NjlkNGVkY2I5YzNjYzEzYzI1YTg3YjRkN2Q1OWQ2MmNl In a large bowl, mix together the ground chuck, ground pork, rice, and onion soup mix. Gypsy Costume Thanks for sharing. The dishes served at Nagy Fatl Konyhja are all based on family recipes, and theyre made from locally sourced vegetables and meats for supreme authenticity. Get our cookbook, free, when you sign up for our newsletter. I mention in the recipe ingredients and notes section that sometimes the rice is either fully cooked or partially cooked prior to adding it to the other filling ingredients. Ingredients 2 Tbsp oil 1lb ground beef 1lb pork sausage 1 small onion, chopped 4-5 garlic cloves, chopped 1 15oz can diced tomato 2 tsp dried oregano 2 tsp dried thyme 1 tsp cumin 1 tsp red chili flakes 6-7 cups cabbage, shredded or chopped 4 cups beef broth Salt & pepper to taste From noon till 3 PM you can drop by for a sumptuous business lunch, while the night time awaits you with a diverse set of la carte offers including trout with watercress and yogurt, saddle of fallow deer with carrots and tarragon, and traditional stuffed cabbage made with Mangalitsa pork. Bring to the boil. From homestyle comfort food to exotic dishes from around the world. Nzc5YzIxNmJhNjIxMmMwZWQxNjY1ZjgxNjdlMWMyYzc2NzZlMjRhZDE0NWE1 5 Transfer the fried vegetables to a blender and pulse a few times. 4 Remove the skin from the duck and cut the meat into slices. YzUzYTVmMGE5MzFjNzcxMWY0NDQzMGMzYjI0YWI3NTEyOTAwYzE3YjU3OTky Golbusti is a traditional Ukrainian cabbage roll that is stuffed with ground meat and rice, then cooked in marinara sauce. Ive been trying to learn how to do that since I was old enough to cook. Traditional Romanian Cabbage Rolls (Sarmale Hello, WebThat Gypsy believes that the 'Magic of Style' is defined not by the fashion you wear but by the one wearing it. The reason they were delicious was because of the sour cabbage. ZWFjMWQyOTY1N2IyNGFiODJjNWU5YjdjZGE2MmExZDM5N2RkOTVjNjMzZmVm I prefer tomato sauce (and a little more spice). Gypsy Using just a few ingredients, and taking about 20 minutes, its an easy and tasty side dish that goes with a variety of mains. Hi Lisa, I'm happy you found me too! Thank You. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. We were meant to come to the UK for just a year in 1987, but my parents decided that life in communist Poland was too hard. I'm not sure if that's Ukrainian-approved, but it's definitely Assyrian-approved! Roughly chop smaller leaves or some that broke during the rolling process and set aside. All this sprinkled with sesame nuttiness. Repeat until all of the large cabbage leaves have been used up. This is the best stuffed cabbage recipe I've ever tried. Gypsy Easy Stuffed Cabbage Stuffed Cabbage I cannot deal with masses and masses around this time of the year. You're right, the spicy red sauce takes them to another level! Its extremely rewarding when a Polish person tells me that they love my version of a dish, says Zuza Zak. Preheat The Oven Now is the time to preheat your oven, so get that going to 375F (191C), so that its nice and warm when we put our cabbage rolls in. For six or seven years, we couldnt visit Poland while we waited for British citizenship. Step 2 For the filling: Bring a large pot of salted water to a boil. Typical Romani foods include wild game and birds, potatoes, rice and vegetables such as onions, swedes and cabbage. Bring to the boil. From beetroot soup with brie foam and Csrda-style fish ravioli with fisherman sauce and pike caviar to Szabolcs stuffed cabbage with beef melange, the flavour combinations are brave and unique resulting in all around delicious meals. Each household changed bits and pieces to adjust it to their taste buds. Set 3 or 4 of the leaves aside. MjQ3ZWE4MmE0MWE0MTc2Zjc5NDk2OTFkODRiYzc3MjUxY2FhNmJjMjY0ZTli Diana Rattray, 1 (1.4-ounce) package dehydrated onion soup mix, 1 (32-ounce) jarsauerkraut, rinsed and drained, 6 medium smoked ribs, ham hocks, or other smoked meat. Hi, Im Alpana. Traditional Romanian Cabbage Rolls (Sarmale) are alwayspart of our Christmas dinner! Baked with Asian seasonings, they are as delicious as they are simple. russet potatoes, black pepper, smoked paprika, green cabbage and 7 more Gypsy Peppers Stuffed With Frommage Blanc The Spruce Eats kosher salt, fromage blanc, kosher salt, olive oil, freshly ground pepper and 5 more Hot Paprika and Tomatoes (Gypsy Sauce) for Schnitzel The Spruce Eats Step 4: Fill the trimmed cabbage leaves with 1 tablespoon of filling mixtureand roll the leaves tightly over the filling. Mostly filled with rice and some oatmeal etc. Wrap the top in the same way and freeze. Recipe by Bea Gassman.