Updated: October 18, 2021 | Original: November 9, 2009. USA.gov, The U.S. National Archives and Records Administration Box 210 Yorktown, VA 23690 Phone: 757 898-2410 Contact Us To do this, you should consult the Army List. Roseman The Allied armies marched hundreds of miles from their headquarters north of New York City to Yorktown, making theirs the largest troop movement of the American Revolution. is my 5x gr. James Moore On a moonless night, after firing incessant artillery to weaken British defenses, American and French forces prepare a surprise assault on redoubts #9 and #10. One of the most beautiful courses in Virginia, the run is entirely on the Yorktown Battlefield tour roads, with scenic views of woods, meadows, fields and creeks. To speed up the siege of the two redoubtsFrench troops were to take redoubt No. [14] Orderly Books for Col. John Lambs Second Regiment, New York Historical Society, entries for October 8-17, 1781. Regiments at Valley Forge. The defenders were a motley collection of colonists, from various New England colonies. Joseph Savage of the former regiment. Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers 6x gr.grandfather and John ludwig married his daughter and [13], Prior to the beginning of the bombardment Knox issued orders that a Field officer of artillery will be appointed every day to command in the Trenches he will pointedly attend that the firing is well-directed according to the object and further ordered that the officers of Artillery in the Batteries are to level every piece themselves. Colonel Lamb and Lieutenant Colonel Stevens took the first days assignment as field officer of, respectively, the batteries and the artillery park; subsequently Lieutenant Colonel Carrington and Major Bauman relieved Lamb and Stevens and that cycle continued throughout the siege. Washington also prepared false papers discussing attack plans on Clinton, and let these papers fall into British hands.. Capt. For the sake of silence, surprise, and soldierly pride, they had unloaded their guns to take the position with bayonets alone. On that date less than one thousand American and French artillerymen began bombarding the British lines, initiating an eight-day assault that directly resulted in the British surrender and which had the eventual consequence of American independence. Since the artillerys draft horses had travelled overland and only arrived in early October, moving the guns to the Artillery Park at Yorktown was not accomplished until October 6. Lafayettes force arrived at Richmond in late April and spent the spring and summer maneuvering against British forces under Gen. William Phillips, and after his death under Lt. Gen. Charles, Lord Cornwallis. An analysis of pension applications by members of the 2nd Continental Artillery shows that the majority enlisted in New York. The Battle of Yorktown proved to be the decisive engagement of the American Revolution. Your email address will not be published. Yorktown Virtual Tour. If you are searching within WO 69, search by name of non-commissioned officer or soldier within WO 69. We place some essential cookies on your device to make this website work. After the British had been escorted away towards prisoner of war camps, the artillerymen loaded the siege guns and supplies on transports for return up the Chesapeake Bay. In a last-ditch effort, Cornwallis orders a futile counterattack on October 15, which fails miserably. Alex Collins Sick at F FAQ; Site Index; Espaol; Stay Connected. John Armstrong. Record types contained in this collection include: Revolutionary War American Forces included various organizations formed by the Continental Congress as well as individual states, counties, and towns. But the demoralizing loss at Yorktown diminished the British will to continue to fight the rebels. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, National Archives Building in Washington, DC, National Archives at College Park, Maryland, Know Your Records: U.S. Navy Muster Rolls and Personnel Diaries, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. Aerial. A stunning example of military prowess and skilled leadership, the Battle of Cowpens near Chesnee, South Carolina, was a critical American victory in the Revolutionary War. Michael Rayen This guide provides advice on finding records held at The National Archives known as muster rolls, pay lists and description books. It is all over. This last major land battle of the American Revolution led to negotiations for peace with the British and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. Sick at F The men detailed for service in the batteries formed each day at 11 A.M. before marching to their assigned battery or redoubt for a twenty-four-hour tour of duty beginning at noon. Battle of Yorktown - Definition, Who Won & Importance - History Analysis of the Muster Rolls. bunna@archive.org Present Francis Bilas Assault upon Quebec, Dec. 31, 1775. . [2], The regiment that marched south was comprised of seven companies, raised primarily in New York, whose captains were: Thomas Bliss; John Doughty; George Fleming; Thomas Machin; Gershom Mott; Jacob Reed; and William Stevens. The third company commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment may have been Capt.-Lt. Jesse Crosby who was wounded at the Battle of Green Springs. 6 1782 Subscribe to the American Battlefield Trust's quarterly email series of curated stories for the curious-minded sort! 70-104-1 (Washington: U.S. Army Center of Military History, 2007), 43; Robert Arthur, The End of a Revolution (New York: Vantage Press, 1965), 159. Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg During the attack on Redoubts 9 and 10 on the evening of October 14, the 2nd Artillerys Capt. You can search this index by using the search template above. To identify state and military unit of interest . This series is arranged in two chronological segments (18981930 and 19311939), and thereunder alphabetically by the name or type of vessel or shore unit. Stop the Largest Rezoning in Orange County History. Aircraft Carrier Yorktown (Yorktown-class) (CV-5) | World War II Database It is where the British Army surrendered and the British government began to consider a peace treaty. The British began . One observer, Feltman, The Journal of Lt. William Feltman, 21, counted twenty-seven American and thirty-three French artillery pieces (not counting the leftmost French battery) in the batteries on October 18. Your email address will not be published. In regard to the Militia, very little is known and that little is extremely fragmentary. In support of this theory see Greene, The Guns of Independence, 184, 203, 271, 275, 379-380 and John Muller, A Treatise of Artillery (London: John Millan, 1768), 152-153, 204-205. [7], The original commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment, Col. Thomas Proctor, had resigned in April so Knox appointed as his replacement the 1st Regiments Lieutenant Colonel Carrington, then serving as Deputy Quartermaster General for Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army. Lambs second-in-command was Lt. Col. Ebenezer Stevens and for the southern campaign Knox augmented the regiments staff with Maj. Sebastian Bauman, then commanding the artillery at West Point. pp. 1-11. Box 210 Yorktown, VA 23690 Phone: 757 898-2410. Hence it was with a certain element of understatement that Knoxs thanks to his men asserted that the skill of his artillery had brought home to our enemies that the officers of the American Artillery have acquired a respectable portion of knowledge in the profession.[21]. All articles are regularly reviewed and updated by the HISTORY.com team. Don't miss my book on the Loyalist Isaac Vollick (aka Van Valkenburg). Journal Of The Brigade Of The American Revolution vol. Journal of the American Revolution also produces annual hardcover volumes, a branded book series, and the podcast, Dispatches. 19, 1781. . Jacob Rossby The Majority of our funds go directly to Preservation and Education. Sergt. Sick at F Ebenezer Denny, Military Diary of Major Ebenezer Denny (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1859), 45, reported vast heaps of shot and shells lying about in every quarter, which came from our works which is not surprising for shot since the American gunners sent a total of 3,312 rounds into the town. British general Charles Lord Cornwallis dispatched Major Patrick Ferguson to North Carolina in early September 1780. Sign up for our quarterly email series highlighting the environmental benefits of battlefield preservation. Alternatively, search The National Archives Library to see what is available to consult at Kew. Private The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. Oct . Ancestry.ca Free Trial, Janie Riley is an avid genealogist with a habit of stumbling on to dead bodies. A-024. Research Guide: Crew Lists and Muster Rolls - Navy The musters are bound together in annual volumes for each regiment and are held in the War Office (WO) series, listed below. France was a longtime foe of Britain and still thirsting for revenge after their defeat by the Crown in the Seven Years War. Send Students on School Field Trips to Battlefields Your Gift Tripled! After nightfall on October 14, the allies fired several consecutive shells in the air that brilliantly illuminated the sky, Chernow writes. HISTORY.com works with a wide range of writers and editors to create accurate and informative content. The overall dates are 1756 to 1900, but for most regiments there are volumes for the first half of the 19th century only. There are some difficulties in using WO 16, caused by the re-organisation of the Army in 1881. This database contains U.S. Navy muster rolls and associated reports of changes for U.S. Navy enlisted personnel who served on U.S. Navy ships or in other naval activities between 31 January 1938 and 31 December 1949. What song did the British actually play as they surrendered at Yorktown? The British still had 30,000 men in North America, occupying the seaports of New York, Charles Town and Savannah, according to Taylor. The calculation mentioned in the text does not account for men required as guards or laboratory workers, but is overly conservative in assuming that Knox would deploy throughout the siege all of the artillery he transported to Yorktown. Now, there was revenge - the Patriot rallying cry Tarleton's Quarter 37. While daylight probably saw more action than nighttime, Washington was determined to force the British to surrender before reinforcements arrived and directed that the bombardment continue around the clock. American Revolution: Battle of Yorktown - Ducksters Joseph Savage to Lafayette, May 26, 1781, GLC02437.00955, Return of the Companies of Artillery attached to the Brigades of the Line-Octr 5, 1781, GLC02437.01208, and Capt. By October 9, 1781 tens of thousands of manhours had been expended building fortifications and batteries in the first parallel and hauling siege weapons across the peninsula from the James River to the Yorktown lines. His artillery consists of three 24-pounders, three 18-pounders, two 8-inch (203 mm) howitzers, and 6 mortars, totaling 14 guns. Carrington accepted on August 7 and had arrived in Virginia by September 21. Oct . Sign up to receive the latest information on the American Battlefield Trust's efforts to blaze The Liberty Trail in South Carolina. [15], Daily details for the batteries totaled between 120 and 200 officers and men during the first five days of the siege, reflecting the fact that the Americans probably had a maximum of twenty pieces of ordnance mounted during that period. These give a description of each soldier, his age, place of birth, trade and service, and are in WO 25/266-688, which can be searched by regiment in our catalogue. You will then need to scroll through the images until you find the correct image. The 1st Maryland Regiment under William Smallwood was held in reserve. On September 5, while the Allied army is still on route, the French fleet guards the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay. Revolutionary War - Rosters and Records - PA-Roots Their attempts prove futile. General Nathanael Greene had taken over command of the American Continental Army in the South. With few resources at hand, the Americans knew they would need to engage an ally if they were to sustain a fight for independence. Counting only those in the first parallel yields a total of thirty-eight pieces. During the day beginning on October 14 American artillerymen suffered one killed and two wounded, while the next day two men were killed and three wounded. Valley Forge Muster Roll. The British, in hostile territory, held only a few coastal areas in America. 10 siege would be led by Colonel Alexander Hamilton. At that time, musicians played in the regiment in which they enlisted, not in a large massed band. The resulting shortfall led to the assignment to Knox on October 6 of the Virginia State Regiment under Lt. Col. Charles Dabney, the Delaware Regiment under Capt. A British sentry fires at the Americans and the Americans proceeded to assault the fortification, climbing over the parapet and descending into the redoubt. Sick at F URL: http://olivetreegenealogy.com/ The collection is arranged by type of service, military unit, and jacket or folder number. Knox testified to the importance of this work through his complaint about the quality of the shells which had been cast by Pennsylvania ironworks, compared with those from a New Jersey supplier; workers in the laboratory did essential duty in proof-testing the shells and sending the batteries only good ammunition. We strive for accuracy and fairness. Oct . Dead militia employed in the summer and autumn of 1777 to oppose the British invasion at Brandywine and on the flanks at the battle of Germantown, though in neither case did they actually see action. The 1st Regiment did not reach Charleston before Lincoln surrendered the city to the British, so it joined the Southern Army under Gen. Horatio Gates (and later, Gen. Nathanael Greene) and served in the Carolinas. John Cadwalader. Capt. 19, 1781 After a grueling march, the American and French forces arrive near Yorktown and immediately begin the hard work of laying siege to Cornwallis and his men. We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. In the afternoon, the Allied barrage begins, with the French opening the salvo. It is a stunning victory with the Americans sustaining only 34 casualties. A-030. On September 3, 1783, the Revolutionary War came to an official end with the signing of the Treaty of Paris. The Founding Father wasnt the top pick of Major General Marquis de Lafayette for the job, but Hamilton, who wanted to improve his reputation by proving himself on the battlefield, talked Washington into it. Join us online July 24-26! Revolutionary War Records, Correspondence, 1765-1830 (33 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Council of Safety, 1775-1776 (4 folders) Revolutionary War Records, General Assembly, 1776 (2 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Loyalist Records, 1775-1783 (10 folders) Revolutionary War Records, Military Records, 1775-1908 (41 folders) Box 3 American Casualties at Yorktown - National Park Service However, Denny observed the shells did not burst, as was expected, inferring a problem with fuses. John Althause and John Ludwig De Beck and John Washington ordered the construction of large camps with huge brick bread ovens where Clinton could see them to create the illusion that the Continental Army was preparing for a long stay. Debeck This information will help us make improvements to the website. British Army muster rolls and pay lists c.1730-1898 - The National Archives